Repositório Colecção: Lab2PT - Comunicações (EA)Lab2PT - Comunicações (EA)https://hdl.handle.net/1822/495862024-03-28T22:27:20Z2024-03-28T22:27:20ZSituação e potencial das alvenarias em Portugal perante o contexto internacionalMarques, Rui Filipe Pedreirahttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/896732024-03-18T15:38:52Z2024-03-18T15:38:52ZTítulo: Situação e potencial das alvenarias em Portugal perante o contexto internacional
Autor: Marques, Rui Filipe Pedreira
Resumo: Os edifícios de alvenaria representam metade do parque habitacional português, mas a sua importância relativa para os aspetos societais é certamente maior. Apesar do passado de construção nacional com alvenaria estrutural e da forte tradição de setores relacionados, particularmente a indústria cerâmica, a técnica está praticamente em desuso. Esta tendência é contrária ao desenvolvimento de soluções e à preponderância de construção com alvenaria em outros países europeus, ainda que em contextos diferentes, e igualmente noutros continentes. Este trabalho indaga inicialmente sobre as razões para o declínio das alvenarias em Portugal, face aos requisitos de segurança, funcionalidade e sustentabilidade dos edifícios. São depois discutidas as possibilidades de reuso das alvenarias, especialmente no contexto da Indústria 4.0, pois que esta solução tem grande potencial para introduzir conceitos inovadores no setor da construção. As hipóteses de construção com alvenaria são igualmente discutidas face aos desenvolvimentos da normativa para projeto de estruturas de alvenaria.; Masonry buildings represent half of the Portuguese housing stock, but their relative importance for societal aspects is certainly greater. Despite the past of national construction with structural masonry and the strong tradition of related sectors, particularly the ceramic industry, the technique is practically in disuse. This trend is contrary to the development of solutions and the preponderance of construction with masonry in other European countries, albeit in different contexts, and also in other continents. This work initially inquires about the reasons for the decline of masonry in Portugal, given the safety, functionality and sustainability requirements for buildings. The possibilities for re-using masonry are then discussed, especially in the context of Industry 4.0, as this solution has great potential to introduce innovative concepts in the construction sector. The hypotheses of building with masonry are also discussed in light of developments in the regulations for the design of masonry structures.
<b>Tipo</b>: conferencePaper2024-03-18T15:38:52ZA propósito de uma peça de importação mediterrânica do Castro Máximo, BragaOliveira, Nuno Tiago Correia dehttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/876642023-12-28T19:24:37Z2023-12-27T10:42:07ZTítulo: A propósito de uma peça de importação mediterrânica do Castro Máximo, Braga
Autor: Oliveira, Nuno Tiago Correia de
Resumo: Neste poster dá-se a conhecer uma peça importada, inédita, proveniente do Castro Máximo (Braga).
<b>Tipo</b>: conferencePoster2023-12-27T10:42:07ZArcheometric analysis of clay building materials from the iron age of the nw of Portugal: a comparative studyOliveira, NunoGonçalves, L.Bettencourt, Ana M. S.https://hdl.handle.net/1822/808642022-12-06T15:14:27Z2022-11-29T11:06:34ZTítulo: Archeometric analysis of clay building materials from the iron age of the nw of Portugal: a comparative study
Autor: Oliveira, Nuno; Gonçalves, L.; Bettencourt, Ana M. S.
Resumo: Archaeometric analyses have been widely applied in studies of Iron Age building materials.
Clayed plasters and pavements are rarely found in Iron Age settlements from Northwest Portugal, why few archeometric studies were done, to the date, on this type of building materials.
This research aims to present the results from microanalysis of clayed plasters and pavements from three Iron Age archaeological sites located in NW Portugal, namely São João de Rei, Castro Máximo and São Paio settlements and the ceremonial site (?) of Frijão. The materials collected for analysis comprise a chronology from the fourth to the second centuries BCE and from the second BCE to the first AD centuries, which corresponds to the Early and Later Iron Age of the region.
The study was done by means of mineralogical petrographic analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The main components of the studied materials are micas, particularly muscovite, feldspar and quartz, although small amounts of phyllosilicates, such as kaolinite and illite were also identified. Some of the pavements show signs of having being fired. The mineralogical data indicates that firing was done at temperatures lower than 950º C. The minerals from these materials came from the surroundings of the archaeological sites as they are commonly found in the granitic soils and weathered granitic overburden that characterize the region. This investigation offers fresh insight into proto-historic building materials from the Iron Age context of NW Portugal and provides useful knowledge of the constructive characteristics and skills of this chronology.
<b>Tipo</b>: conferencePoster2022-11-29T11:06:34ZDe Maputo à Beira, uma "Selecção Moderna"Miranda, Elisiáriohttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/784342022-06-26T13:41:41Z2022-06-20T15:58:57ZTítulo: De Maputo à Beira, uma "Selecção Moderna"
Autor: Miranda, Elisiário
Resumo: [Excerto] A realização do 1.9 Congresso do Sindicato dos Arquitectos, em 1948, sinaliza a emergência de uma nova geração de profissionais portugueses. Alguns dos seus componentes, desapontados com a falta de encomendas particulares e eventu-almente perseguidos pela polícia política, emigram para as colónias de Angola e Moçambique ao longo das décadas de 50 e 60. Uma vez em África, desenham os projectos para os edifícios habitacionais e infra-estruturais que o crescimento populacional e o acelerado desenvolvimento económico requerem. A sua praxis profissional informa-se nos princípios do Movimento Moderno — utilização de sistemas construtivos industriais, materiais estandardizados, optimização e flexibilização funcional e rigorosa adaptação climática dos edifícios —, fornecendo às entidades públicas locais e aos empreendedores privados os instrumentos que permitem a construção em larga escala nos tecidos urbanos recentemente projectados, ou em processo de expansão e consolidação. [...]
<b>Tipo</b>: conferencePaper2022-06-20T15:58:57ZPost-colonial urban shapes and challenges: reading tradition in north-western AfricaCorreia, Jorgehttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/647322020-04-03T20:28:10ZTítulo: Post-colonial urban shapes and challenges: reading tradition in north-western Africa
Autor: Correia, Jorge
Resumo: North-western Africa’s history gathers a palimpsest of powers and regimes where European colonialism has played a significant role in city shaping. An attentive reading suggests tradition has been both a conspicuous and a neglected instrument for post-colonial urban challenges.
Evidence of Portuguese and Spanish military architecture along coastal towns showcases a scenario of isolated enclaves as early as the 15th century. With the exception of Ceuta and Melilla, all strongholds were lost to the royal Moroccan dynasties in the following centuries. Later, during the first half of the 1900s, Spaniards and French divided the kingdom into areas of Protectorate, respectively in the north and the central south. Acting as de facto colonial powers, their action on cities was never to touch the historical centres - medina - but rather build their modern villes nouvelles on adjacent grounds. This division marked a clear prejudiced clash between sectors favouring the settlement of European residents and others for native population. Such policy ended up having an important and non-deliberate side effect on the freezing of the traditional built environment of the medina’s quarters, despite preventing it from fostering preservationist efforts to fight increasing insalubrity problems.
Furthermore, colonialism neglected a deeper research on traditional ways of living and building, thus leaving no fertile terrain for post-colonial urban renewals and expansions that instead have been copying Western models of mass housing to shelter the fast growing Moroccan population. Everyday social practices, expressed in codes of privacy and neighbourhood relationships and structured around courtyard houses, accessed by a hierarchy of thoroughfare streets leading to dead-end lanes, have been substituted by heavily pierced block façades. The response lacked an attention to social needs still indexed to Islam and only perceived progress as an acritical copy of pre-independence models.
The Spanish enclave of Ceuta portrays a different path. For centuries an important Muslim commercial stronghold, the city was conquered by the Portuguese in 1415 and stayed in European hands ever since. The arrival of a new power and creed sought the foundation of a new Christian image. These early modern decisions still resonate in the city’s centre current urban morphology and were further developed by Spain who has taken over since 1640. Indeed, an intentional legitimation of Iberian heritage, favouring a neo-Baroque skyline to the city rather than assuming it in continuity with the Islamic one, clearly shows how policies of Europeanisation have challenged conceptions of identity in a disputed border territory.
This paper wishes to explore the colonial sphere of urbanization in North-western Africa and its bias legacy to contemporaneity. In fact, a post-colonial analysis reveals, on the one hand, the resilience of colonialism in the production of residential spaces, noticeably contrary to traditional standards still valid in Morocco. On the other hand, the impact of an institutional policy of heritage manipulation has masked a past in Ceuta that only recently has been rediscovered. Either way, cultural clashes appear to support regimes rather than understanding people practices or the natural historical shaping of a city.
<b>Tipo</b>: panelPresentation