Thermal diffusion in solids : an overview

Abstract

Thermal diffusion in liquids and gases has been the focus of a number of studies and is considered, at present, a reasonably wellknown topic. In solids though, the phenomena is far less understood namely in what regards the effects of thermal gradients upon the integrity and characteristics of materials. Furthermore it is not clear whether or not thermal diffusion can be used as a purificating method for solids. Yet, many current techniques such as the laser, used in metal working and other solids, induce strong thermal gradients being, therefore, potential cause for the occurrence of thermal diffusion. In this work, a survey and discussion of theoretical and experimental studies of thermal diffusion in solids is undertaken.