Analysis of the effects of Portuguese propolis extracts on DNA damage

Abstract

[Excerpt] Propolis is a natural resinous product produced by bees from tree buds and exudates and used in the beehives. Among the various biologically active compounds present in propolis, flavonoids are some of the most important ones. Flavonoids have been valued by their antigenotoxic effect, which is a direct consequence of their antioxidant properties, as they are reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers. ROS are small molecules/free radicals whose effect is associated with various diseases. Extracts rich in flavonoids have been widely used in the food, drug and cosmetic industries. Although propolis has already been intensively studied worldwide, studies with Portuguese propolis are relatively scarce. [...]