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https://hdl.handle.net/1822/74633
Título: | Synthesis of novel methyl 7-[(hetero)arylamino]thieno[2,3-b] pyrazine-6-carboxylates and antitumor activity evaluation: effects in human tumor cells growth, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis and toxicity in non-tumor cells |
Autor(es): | Rodrigues, Juliana M. Calhelha, Ricardo C. Nogueira, António Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R. Barros, Lillian Queiroz, Maria João R. P. |
Palavras-chave: | C–N Buchwald–Hartwig coupling Thieno[2,3-b]pyrazines Antitumor activity Gastric adenocarcinoma Cell cycle Apoptosis thieno[2 3-b]pyrazines |
Data: | 10-Ago-2021 |
Editora: | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
Revista: | Molecules |
Citação: | Rodrigues, J.M.; Calhelha, R.C.; Nogueira, A.; Ferreira, I.C.F.R.; Barros, L.; Queiroz, M.-J.R.P. Synthesis of Novel Methyl 7-[(Hetero)arylamino]thieno[2,3-b]pyrazine-6-carboxylates and Antitumor Activity Evaluation: Effects in Human Tumor Cells Growth, Cell Cycle Analysis, Apoptosis and Toxicity in Non-Tumor Cells. Molecules 2021, 26, 4823. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26164823 |
Resumo(s): | Several novel methyl 7-[(hetero)arylamino]thieno[2,3-<i>b</i>]pyrazine-6-carboxylates were synthesized by Pd-catalyzed C–N Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling of either methyl 7-aminothieno[3,2-<i>b</i>]pyrazine-6-carboxylate with (hetero)arylhalides or 7-bromothieno[2,3-<i>b</i>]pyrazine-6-carboxylate with (hetero)arylamines in good-to-excellent yields (50% quantitative yield), using different reaction conditions, namely ligands and solvents, due to the different electronic character of the substrates. The antitumoral potential of these compounds was evaluated in four human tumor cell lines: gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS), colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2), breast carcinoma (MCF7), and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NCI-H460) using the SRB assay, and it was possible to establish some structure–activity relationships. Furthermore, they did not show relevant toxicity against a non-tumor cell line culture from the African green monkey kidney (Vero). The most promising compounds (GI<sub>50</sub> ≤ 11 µM), showed some selectivity either against AGS or CaCo-2 cell lines without toxicity at their GI<sub>50</sub> values. The effects of the methoxylated compounds <b>2b</b> (2-OMeC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>), <b>2f</b> and <b>2g</b> (3,4- or 3,5-diOMeC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>, respectively) on the cell cycle profile and induction of apoptosis were further studied in the AGS cell line. Nevertheless, even for the most active (GI<sub>50</sub> = 7.8 µM) and selective compound (<b>2g</b>) against this cell line, it was observed that a huge number of dead cells gave rise to an atypical distribution on the cell cycle profile and that these cells were not apoptotic, which points to a different mechanism of action for the AGS cell growth inhibition. |
Tipo: | Artigo |
URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/1822/74633 |
DOI: | 10.3390/molecules26164823 |
e-ISSN: | 1420-3049 |
Versão da editora: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/16/4823 |
Arbitragem científica: | yes |
Acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Aparece nas coleções: |
Ficheiros deste registo:
Ficheiro | Descrição | Tamanho | Formato | |
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molecules-26-04823.pdf | 4,36 MB | Adobe PDF | Ver/Abrir |
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons