Generative modelling of Monopteros and Tholos temples using existing data: the case study of Vesta temple in Tivoli

Abstract

This paper presents a novel method for generating geometric models of architectural heritage in the absence of a digital survey. The method employs a Generative Programming (GP) algorithm for geometric model generation, with the Temple of Vesta in Tivoli chosen as a case study. Francesco Piranesi's 18th-century etchings are utilised as references to identify the architectural layout and modularity. The effectiveness of the proposed generative workflow is highlighted through its time efficiency and the reusability of the algorithm. The workflow includes the capability to generate an export file suitable for structural simulation software packages. The generated geometric model is then used to conduct nonlinear dynamic analysis using a concurrent continuous/block-based approach within a Finite Element environment. The simulations are performed with the structure in its current state and do not account for retrofitting interventions, i.e. anchorages and tie rods are not taken into account. The numerical model reveals how local failure mechanisms of columns and entablature affect the structural safety of the Vesta temple.